Mr. Fuentes and his spouse had been advised to go away, however safety cameras captured the incident. Two days later, he tried to fly to Mexico, however U.S. Customs and Border Protection officers stopped him and searched his telephone, discovering the image of Mr. Poteyev’s car.

After he was arrested, Mr. Fuentes provided details of the plan to American investigators. He believed the Russian official he had been assembly labored for the F.S.B., Russia’s inner safety service. But covert operations abroad are often run by the S.V.R., which succeeded the Okay.G.B., or the G.R.U., Russia’s navy intelligence company.

One of the previous officers stated Mr. Fuentes, unaware of the goal’s significance, was merely gathering info for the Russians to make use of later.

Mr. Fuentes’s lawyer, Ronald Gainor, declined to remark.

The plot, together with different Russian actions, elicited a harsh response from the U.S. authorities. In April 2021, the United States imposed sanctions and expelled 10 Russian diplomats, together with the chief of station for the S.V.R., who was primarily based in Washington and had two years left on his tour, two former American officers stated. Throwing out the chief of station could be extremely disruptive to intelligence operations, and company officers suspected that Russia was more likely to search reprisal on its American counterpart in Moscow, who had solely weeks left in that position, the officers stated.

“We cannot allow a foreign power to interfere in our democratic process with impunity,” President Biden said on the White House in announcing the penalties. He made no point out of the plot involving Mr. Fuentes.

Sure sufficient, Russia banished 10 American diplomats, together with the C.I.A.’s chief of station in Moscow.

Adam Entous contributed reporting.